How do I help my teen manage toxic friendships or peer drama?

Teens are developing the ability to evaluate relationships, and some lessons can only be learned through experience. Help them identify patterns rather than dictating who to befriend: 'How do you feel after spending time with this person — energized or drained?' Teach the difference between a disagreement (normal) and a toxic pattern (manipulation, constant criticism, exclusion, betrayal). Role-play responses to peer pressure or drama: 'What could you say if someone asks you to exclude a friend?' Avoid bad-mouthing their friends, which usually backfires — teens will defend their social choices more fiercely when attacked. Instead, keep communication open and validate their feelings. If a friendship involves bullying, coercion, or risky behavior, step in more directly. Consult your pediatrician if social stress is affecting your teen's sleep, eating, or mood.