How do I support my child's reading when they are behind grade level?

First, get an accurate assessment of where they are — request a reading level evaluation from their teacher or school reading specialist. If they are significantly behind, ask about formal evaluation for dyslexia or other reading disabilities (this is your right under federal law and is free through the school). For support at home: read aloud together daily, even to older children, as this builds vocabulary and comprehension beyond their independent reading level. Let them choose books they are interested in, even if they seem 'too easy' — enjoyment builds reading stamina. Try audiobooks paired with the print version so they can follow along. Avoid making reading a punishment or associating it with failure. Celebrate small progress. Consider a tutor trained in evidence-based reading instruction (Orton-Gillingham for dyslexia). Consult your pediatrician about ruling out vision or hearing issues that may contribute to reading difficulties.