How do I start potty training, and what are the signs of readiness?

Most children are ready between 18 and 36 months. Key readiness signs include staying dry for 2–3 hours, showing discomfort with dirty diapers, expressing interest in the toilet, and being able to follow simple directions. Emotional readiness matters more than age — if your child resists, take a break and try again in a few weeks. Expect the process to take several weeks to months, and treat accidents calmly without punishment. Talk to your pediatrician about your child's individual readiness.